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The New People's Army (NPA) (Filipino: ''Bagong Hukbong Bayan'') is the armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). It was formed and founded by Bernabe Buscayno A.K.A. "Commander Dante" on March 29, 1969. The Maoist NPA conducts its armed guerrilla struggle based on the strategical line of protracted "people's war". The Philippine Army estimated the NPA's strength at 3,200 fighters at the end of 2014.〔 The NPA collects "revolutionary taxes" in areas where it operates mostly from businesses. The Communist Party of the Philippines refers to the NPA as "the tax enforcement agency of the people's revolutionary government". In 2014, Lieutenant Colonel Ramon Zagala, speaking for the Armed Forces of the Philippines said "(communist rebels ) have lost their ideological mooring and now engaged in extortion ()."〔 The NPA is designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the U.S. State Department〔 and as a terrorist group by the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy. The Government of the Philippines, however, has delisted the NPA as a terrorist organization in 2011 〔"(NDFP opening statement on resumption of formal peace talks )", ''www.ndfp.net'', retrieved 19 Sept. 2012〕 and has resumed preliminary peace talks pending formal negotiations with the NPA's parent political organization, the CPP.〔"(GPH and NDFP agree to continue meaningful discussions prior to formal talks )", ''www.ndfp.net'', retrieved 19 September 2012〕 There have been reports of the Chinese government shipping arms to the NPA.〔SIPRI Yearbook 2002-2005, World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers, 1999-2002, The Military Balance 2000-2001 to 2004-2005〕 Due to this, the NPA got an unknown number of Type 56 assault rifles. NPA has also received support from North Korea. Peace negotiations have recently reached an impasse. The Philippine government has specifically drafted a "new framework" which seeks to end the 27-year-long stalemate in the talks, hoping to build ground with the leftists rebels that is more comprehensive than human rights, the only issue on which the negotiating parties agree.〔"(Gov't drafts new framework to guide peace talks with leftist rebels )" 6 May 2013〕 ==History== (詳細はGreat Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China, sparked a renewed interest in Marxism-Leninism-Maoism study, with emphasis on lessons from the Chinese Revolution. National democratic organizations such as the Kabataang Makabayan and other groups began to see the need for a renewed armed struggle based upon Mao's strategy of protracted people's war. On December 26, 1968, the Communist Party of the Philippines was re-established on Marxist-Leninist-Mao Zedong thought line. The CPP immediately went about organizing a new people's army. The CPP had previously made contact with former members of the Hukbong Mapagpalayang Bayan (HMB) – to which the Huks changed their name in the 50s – in Central Luzon. On March 29, 1969, the New People's Army was formed. It had only 72 fighters and was equipped with light weapons. After its initial formation, the CPP and the NPA dispersed and established regional cells in several parts of the country. The NPA claims responsibility for the assassination of U.S. Army Colonel James "Nick" Rowe, founder of the U.S. Army Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape (SERE) course, in 1989. Colonel Rowe was part of a military assistance program to the Philippine Army. The NPA insist that this made him a legitimate military target.〔(【引用サイトリンク】archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080328043831/http://www.usvetdsp.com/story16.htm )〕〔(Bio, Rowe, James N. "Nick" )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New People's Army」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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